The issue of domestic violence remains one of the most pressing social and psychological challenges, particularly among young couples in the early stages of relationship development. The aim of this study is to identify the key socio-psychological factors contributing to the emergence of destructive conflicts and violence in intimate partnerships, as well as to justify effective psychoprophylactic approaches. The theoretical analysis identified three groups of contributing factors: psychological (low self-control, lack of self-regulation skills), social (economic instability, cultural norms), and individual (childhood trauma, internalized violent behavior patterns). The empirical part of the study was based on a survey of 73 participants. The questionnaire included both original questions and adapted scales from validated instruments (e.g., CTS2, DERS, IRI). The results revealed a high level of emotional barriers, insufficient open communication, and a lack of empathy in relationships—factors that correlate with conflict and aggression. Avoidance and irritability were found to be prevalent as interaction strategies. Based on these findings, recommendations were developed for implementing a psychoprophylactic program based on the method of self-coping, the concept of self-regulation (as defined by D. Goleman), and coping strategies (according to R. Lazarus and S. Folkman). The proposed program includes psychoeducational training, family counseling, and support groups. This study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and systemic prevention of destructive interaction patterns in order to promote resilient and safe intimate relationships.