This scientific article describes psychomotor development - a complex stage of development, as well as comprehensively studied and presented the factors influencing its violation. It is generally  accepted that one of the disorders that affect the development of a child arises as a result of the action of an external or internal negative factor, as well as cases when disorders interfere with the development of    psychomotor functions. In case of serious violations, the deterioration of cognitive processes and cases
of failure of the main analyzers are taken into account. Evidence-based examples of the occurrence of
violations of the speech process and situations of communication, emotional and behavioral
characteristics and disorders due to complex disorders are also given.
The data obtained as a result of modern achievements in clinical, molecular, biochemical genetics
and cytogenetics, which provide great opportunities to comprehensively determine the mechanism of
hereditary pathology, are analyzed