The article is devoted to the topical problem of today's information society-critical understanding and analysis of the flow of information, text, and the development of critical thinking. Based on the analysis of research papers, the authors tried to reveal the importance and necessity of training future teachers to develop students ' critical thinking, the structural content and components of critical thinking. The stages of critical thinking development technology, their purpose, actions of the teacher, students, and issues related to the mechanism of students ' knowledge development are comprehensively analyzed. In accordance with everyday practice, psychological and pedagogical conditions are formulated to effectively organize and effectively implement critical thinking in solving cognitive tasks.